In all the tests, deepfake websites were prominently displayed in search results. Using a VPN, the researcher tested Google searches in Canada, Germany, Japan, the US, Brazil, South Africa, and Australia. Finding deepfake videos through search is trivial and does not require a person to have any special knowledge about what to search for. Millions of people are directed to the websites analyzed by the researcher, with 50 to 80 percent of people finding their way to the websites via search. The gateway to many of the websites and tools to create deepfake videos or images is through search. This is only likely to increase with new generative AI tools. “There has been significant growth in the availability of AI tools for creating deepfake nonconsensual pornographic imagery, and an increase in demand for this type of content on pornography platforms and illicit online networks,” says Asher Flynn, an associate professor at Monash University, Australia, who focuses on AI and technology-facilitated abuse. In September, more than 20 girls aged 11 to 17 came forward in the Spanish town of Almendralejo after AI tools were used to generate naked photos of them without their knowledge. Tracking where the content is shared on social media is challenging, while abusive content is also shared in private messaging groups or closed channels, often by people known to the victims. Measuring the full scale of deepfake videos and images online is incredibly difficult. It shouldn't take two seconds to potentially incite a sex crime.” “It would make a lot of difference if we were able to make these technologies harder to access. “This is something that targets everyday people, everyday high school students, everyday adults-it's become a daily occurrence,” says Sophie Maddocks, who conducts research on digital rights and cyber-sexual violence at the University of Pennsylvania. There are likely millions of images being created with these apps. Face-swapping apps that work on still images and apps where clothes can be “stripped off a person” in a photo with just a few clicks are also highly prominent. A whole industry of deepfake abuse, which predominantly targets women and is produced without people’s consent or knowledge, has emerged in recent years. These startling figures are just a snapshot of how colossal the issues with nonconsensual deepfakes has become-the full scale of the problem is much larger and encompasses other types of manipulated imagery.
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